History of Medicine

Happy Saint Patrick's Day! Last year, I wrote about the history of beer to celebrate St. Patrick's Day. Today, I decided to explore the history of the shamrock which is a symbol of symbol of Ireland and represents good luck. The word shamrock comes from the Gaelic word seamróg, meaning “little clover.” It generally represents a plant in the trifolium family, which is characterized by three leaves.  The three-leafed shamrock holds special meaning to the Irish for many reasons, but most importantly because it was used by St. Patrick, Ireland's patron saint, to explain the Christian Holy Trinity of the Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit to peasants in the 5th century. The four-leaf clover is a genetic mutation and considered lucky because it is very rare (1 in 10,000)—the fourth leaf is said to represent God's grace, thereby bringing luck. Besides its religious significance, the clover leaf was also well known for its medicinal properties in ancient times. The clover leaf i

Just as we owe most of our medical knowledge to the physicians of ancient times, there are some medicines in use today that are directly taken from ancient medicine. One such ancient medicine that is still used today, albeit in a different form, is aspirin. Aspirin is arguably the most commonly used drug in the world today. It  has  appeared in the Guinness Book of Records as the most frequently sold pain reliever in the world and is also  “one of the most endurably successful commercial products of all time."   Its use ranges from simple pain relief to heart attack and stroke prevention.  The active ingredient of Aspirin is the medicinal compound salicin, which is refined from willow bark, and that's the ancient connection. Willow bark was used extensively by the ancient Sumerians and Egyptians for pain relief, and later advocated by Hippocrates in Greece and Pliny the Elder in Ancient Rome. Willow bark continued to be used as a pain reliever in its natural form until the mid